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New Approaches in Physiotherapy of Patients with Bronchial Asthma
Výtisková, Klára ; Kejhová, Eva (advisor) ; Kulich, Václav (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT First name, surname: Klára Výtisková Supervisor: Ing. Eva Kejhová Title: New Approaches in Physiotherapy of Patients with Bronchial Asthma Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the physiotherapeutic influence of bronchial asthma and methods of physiotherapy, which are currently the most applied in the treatment of asthma. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes bronchial asthma, its diagnosis, classification, clinical manifestation of the disease, pharmacological treatment and methods of physiotherapy, which are currently the most modern and most used in the treatment of asthma bronchiale. This section is the key part of my bachelor thesis. The contents of the therapies of the practical part are based on the knowledge from this chapter. The practical part includes case reports of two patients. The target group were patients aged 20-30 years with diagnosed bronchial asthma, which is currently in a stable state, and in whom there is no regular application of bronchodilators. Each patient underwent a ten - week physiotherapy intervention. Respiratory amplitude measurements and spirometry were used to objectively assess the results of the intervention. The therapies were also evaluated subjectively by the patients, focusing on the...
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Patients admissions to the therapy of Asthma Bronchial
BUBNOVÁ, Marie
This bachelor thesis deals with the problematics of pacients admissions to the therapy of Asthma Bronchiale. Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease and is incurable. Bronchial asthma is a disease that is characterized by strenuous respiratory dyspnea along with bronchial hyperreactivity. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to map the approach of patients to the treatment of bronchial asthma. Second aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out different approaches of treatment of patients with bronchial asthma. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis describes bronchial asthma itself and the possibilities of its treatment. The most common medications for bronchial asthma are bronchodilators and antiasthmatic medicaments. Furthermore, the theoretical part describes alternative medicine that is connected to bronchial asthma and risk factors that contribute to the development of the disease. The aims of the work were achieved through a qualitative research survey, the aim of this work was to map the approach of patients to the treatment of Asthma Bronchiale and to determine the use of different methods (approaches) of treatment of Asthma Bronchiale. The tented research questions were answered on the basis of a research survey. The qualitative survey took the form of a semi-structured interview. A semi-structured interview was conducted with patients in the pulmonary outpatient clinic, and with the medical chief. The semi-structured interview mapped how often patients use prescribed medication for bronchial asthma and overall patients approaches to treating bronchial asthma. The results of the research survey point out that half of the interviewed patients use alternative medicine along with prescribed medication. The other half of the patients prefer using only prescribed medication. Part of the research survey is an interview with the medical head of the surgery that is added at the end of the survey.
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Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease
Koucký, Václav ; Pohunek, Petr (advisor) ; Rybníček, Ondřej (referee) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease MD. Vaclav Koucky - Ph.D. thesis Abstract Introduction: Currently, there are different methods for infant pulmonary function testing (iPFT) and morphological assessment of microscopic changes in endobronchial biopsy samples (EBB). In research setting, they allow detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in small children with chronic respiratory disease, respectively in risk of its development. Their clinical significance, however, is not fully acknowledged. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the safety, feasibility and clinical significance of iPFT and EBB in infants younger than 2 years of age. In addition, the relationship between functional and morphological changes of respiratory tract and the function of peripheral chemoreceptors was studied in selected patients' subgroups. Methods: Fifty-five infants with cystic fibrosis (CF), 35 physician-confirmed recurrent wheezers (AB), 9 infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 7 with interstitial lung disease (chILD) and 3 with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) were enrolled. All infants underwent iPFT and relevant clinical history data were recorded. Based on patients' age, CF group was divided into CFmalí (< 6 months) and CFvelcí (>...
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Sport activities with asthma bronchiale diagnosis
Klinerová, Hana ; Hronzová, Marie (advisor) ; Hájková, Jana (referee)
This work examines the influence of asthma on children's sports activity. Tested were nine children with asthma bronchiale, athletes and non-sportspeople, using a test battery UNIFITTEST (6-60). The work compares the results of the children tested with results that indicate standardized tables for children of the same age. It explores whether the results will vary greatly and will be the same. The information obtained was processed into tables. Keywords: Asthma bronchiale, sport activities
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Relationship between pulmonary function and function of the diaphragm in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease
Hellebrandová, Lenka ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee) ; Herget, Jan (referee)
Problém: Obstrukce dýchacích cest a průtoková limitace, způsobená chronickou obstrukční plicní nemocí (CHOPN) nebo astma bronchiale (AB), může způsobit změny tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice v důsledku zvýšení plicních objemů. Hypotézy: U pacientů s obstrukčním respiračním onemocněním se bude funkce bránice lišit oproti kontrolní skupině zdravých jedinců, což se projeví na jejím postavení a rozsahu pohybu. Existuje vztah mezi plicními funkcemi a polohou a pohyby bránice. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zjistit, zda pozice, tvar a pohyby bránice u ležících pacientů s průtokovou limitací během maximálních dechových a posturálních manévrů se liší od tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice za stejné situace u jedinců bez patologie respiračního systému. Zkoumali jsme rozdíly mezi pacienty s CHOPN, pacienty s AB a zdravými jedinci. Cílem bylo také stanovit tyto vztahy v kontextu vážnosti průtokové limitace, resp. obstrukce dechových cest. Metodika: Soubor tvořily 3 skupiny probandů, celkem 31 dospělých: 10 jedinců s klinicky stabilním AB (5 žen a 5 můžů), 11 jedinců s klinicky stabilním, středně těžkým CHOPN (7 mužu a 4 ženy) a kontrolní skupinu tvořilo 10 zdravých jedinců (5 mužů a 5 žen). Všichni probandi podstoupili komplexní měření plicních funkcí a kardiopulmonální zátežové vyšetření. Bránici jsme vyšetřovali pomocí...
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Dysregulation of immune system in the patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Milota, Tomáš ; Horváth, Rudolf (advisor) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee) ; Freiberger, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis includes set of published experimental results, which were obtained at the Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine Charles University within the project focused on the basal and applied research of the Primary immunedeficiencies (PID), particularly Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The first, theoretical part, is divided into two sections. The first section is dedicated to the general aspects of Primary antibody deficiencies (PAD). The second section is focused on epidemiology, ethiopathogenesis, classification, clinical and therapeutical aspects of CVID. The main consideration is devoted particularly to non-infectious complications, which significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality of CVID patients. The second part consists of the set of publications describing specific mechanisms of immune system dysregulation and their clinical manifestation, which are briefly commented. The spectrum of issues resolved within the project covers following basic aspects: 1) characteristics of lung complications in CVID from the point of view of bronchial asthma, 2) characteristics of associated malignancies, 3) significance of genetic background for the specific treatment, 4) therapy of CVID focused on aspects of immunoglobulin substitution. The results of the other...
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Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease
Koucký, Václav ; Pohunek, Petr (advisor) ; Rybníček, Ondřej (referee) ; Chlumský, Jan (referee)
Detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in children with chronic respiratory disease MD. Vaclav Koucky - Ph.D. thesis Abstract Introduction: Currently, there are different methods for infant pulmonary function testing (iPFT) and morphological assessment of microscopic changes in endobronchial biopsy samples (EBB). In research setting, they allow detection of early pathophysiological changes of breathing in small children with chronic respiratory disease, respectively in risk of its development. Their clinical significance, however, is not fully acknowledged. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the safety, feasibility and clinical significance of iPFT and EBB in infants younger than 2 years of age. In addition, the relationship between functional and morphological changes of respiratory tract and the function of peripheral chemoreceptors was studied in selected patients' subgroups. Methods: Fifty-five infants with cystic fibrosis (CF), 35 physician-confirmed recurrent wheezers (AB), 9 infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 7 with interstitial lung disease (chILD) and 3 with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) were enrolled. All infants underwent iPFT and relevant clinical history data were recorded. Based on patients' age, CF group was divided into CFmalí (< 6 months) and CFvelcí (>...
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Physiotherapy of children with lung diseases.
Švrčková, Karolína ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Author: Bc. Karolína Švrčková Title: Physiotherapy of children with lung disease Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to create a targeted therapeutic program for school- age children diagnosed with bronchial asthma and to evaluate the change of the examined parameters (FEV1, dyspnoea, muscle imbalance, resting breathing wave, diaphragm test, five-minute running test with a focus on post-exercise dyspnoea, viscerovertebral manifestations) after four weeks of movement in two groups (one focused on respiratory physiotherapy, the other on respiratory physiotherapy enriched with yoga exercise), both diagnosed with bronchial asthma. Methods: This work is a pilot experimental study. Two groups of probands (test and control, each with eight probands) were created. The test group underwent respiratory physiotherapy and yoga exercise specifically designed for diagnosis bronchial asthma. The control group underwent only respiratory physiotherapy. Both groups had an intervention of four weeks. In both groups, FEV1 and Investigation Protocol - focusing on viscerovertebral manifestations, muscle imbalance, resting respiratory wave, five- minute running test (focusing on any manifestation of dyspnoea that would end the test, or after the test dyspnoea) and manifestations of dyspnoea (dyspnea in two previous...
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The specifics of nursing care of a child with asthma bronchiale
HESOVÁ, Lucie
Current state: Asthma is a disease, which is on the rise in terms of spread. The scientific investigations is focused on nursing care of children with asthma bronchiale and other important areas such as diagnosis, treatment, complications or prevention. Amongst basic symptoms are coughing, stuffiness, and sound phenomena such as wheezing and rustling. The symptoms can escalate to a strong asthmatic attack, which is life-threating to the person suffering from it. The objective was to evaluate the knowledge of nurses in nursing care of a child with asthma bronchiale. Another objective of the research study was to evaluate inform parents of children with asthma bronchiale about the disease. Methodology: The chosen method of scientific investigation is the method of qualitative research. The method of collection of data is an unstructured in-depth interview with nurses and parents of children with asthma bronchiale. All interviews were, after approval of all communication partners, audio recorded and afterwards they were rewritten and analyzed using the method of open coding using the technique "pen and paper". The scientific sample is made of nurses and parents of children with diagnosed asthma bronchiale. The first scientific sample are four nurses working at the children's department of hospitals, two nurses working at ambulances of general practitioners for children and youth and two nurses working at the ambulances of outpatient specialists. The second scientific sample is made of seven parents of children with diagnosed asthma bronchiale. The choice of scientific subject is intentional. The size of scientific samples is set by the saturation of data acquisition. The results of the investigation show, that nurses have corresponding knowledge connected with crucial specifics of the nursing care of children with asthma bronchiale. The nurses are able to describe all the differences in the nursing care of the child according to its age group. Knowledges of nurses about the disease itself are extensive. They are also well-versed in terms of education. They also introduced in which way parents of sick children are involved in the nursing care. Involvement in nursing care was confirmed by the parents themselves. Parents' knowledge of the medical and nursing care of a child with bronchial asthma was sufficient. All of questioned parents have wide knowledge, even parents of children with very recently diagnosed asthma. Conclusion: Asthma bronchiale is a very common illness, and its spread in population is rising. This thesis can be used by nurses, other medical staff and parents to obtain more information about this disease, its treatment, complications, nursing care, educations and prevention. At the end of the thesis are summarized the main nursing activities of the children with asthma bronchiale. Based on the results of the study, the main principles of childcare with bronchial asthma in the home environment were proposed.
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